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Happy Hour ·
Published on this date.2017-04-07
· 21 Q&As

Happy Hour Interview: LA Ship Tech Team

LA ship tech developers cover the new UV2 shader damage model, parallax occlusion maps, chain-reaction destruction and breach limits. They also discuss Item 2.0, HUD and radar styles via DataForge, light groups, the Aurora rework and uneven-terrain landing gear.

Transmission log

Full answers

How much pre-production planning goes into making a ship? Do all the various disciplines working on the ship have to have countless meetings?

Matt IntrieriPrincipal Ship Technical Artist

Not countless meetings, but we do have these review gates where we look at the design and call out any potential technical challenge that a ship might have, like say the Prospector has a mining functionality. Issues like, say, the Caterpillar had all these doors that opened, and that was a great concern because of performance, and we spent a lot of time doing optimization to achieve good frame rate. So things like that.

Happy Hour·
Published on this date.7 Apr 2017
ShipsDevelopment process

What is your favorite type of ship to work on, and why?

TL;DRFavorites differ: one likes small to mid-sized ships for their gameplay flexibility, one likes big ships like the Caterpillar, and one cares mostly about how much of a ship can be blown off.

Matt ShermanTechnical Designer

For me, kind of the smaller to mid-sized craft, because it's enough to build out where they can have a bunch of different gameplay potential to it. We can explore some different options with it in sort of the infinite timeline of things, where we can build it to be this thing now first but then potentially go to other options later, but without being such a behemoth ship where it's like, okay, I'll make this ship this year, for just the amount of work and detailing that goes into anything.

Matt IntrieriPrincipal Ship Technical Artist

For me, it seems I get most satisfaction out of the bigger ships like the Caterpillar. When you drop down those doors and the vista is just out there and you're standing there in gravity looking at this amazing view, and then we get to blow them up too. So I have a lot of fun with the bigger ships. I'm looking forward to working on the capital ships, and we're working really hard on, I won't go into detail on it, but the gravity, inside gravity and putting little ships in bigger ships and all this stuff. And we're going to be delivering some cool stuff for 3.0.

Jared HuckabyHost, Community

The zone system is one of the most impressive achievements for me personally with Star Citizen. The ability to put a ship inside another ship and be able to transition seamlessly, I imagine that makes for quite a number of challenges.

Matt IntrieriPrincipal Ship Technical Artist

Yeah, our engineers working on that, like Chris Rain specifically, he's just done an amazing job with the zone systems and local grids.

Jared HuckabyHost, Community

Patrick, what's your favorite type of ship to work on?

Patrick SalernoTechnical Artist

Size and type doesn't matter as much as how many pieces I get to blow off of it. Honestly, that's pretty much it. When I look at a ship, the first thing I think of is this is going to be so fun to tear apart. I'm looking for all sorts of little flaps and winglets and panels. Does this animate? Oh, can I rip that off too? Where are the areas that are going to show cool damage as a player? What are you going to see? What's the damage going to look like when it's landed and you want to repair it? What's it going to look like in space? Which is the coolest ship that just looks awesome when it's blowing up and parts are exploding and there's fire going off. I know that's really vague and totally not specific.

Matt IntrieriPrincipal Ship Technical Artist

We have to balance the amount of debris that can fall off a ship with the optimization. Each separate mesh costs a certain amount of draw calls, so we have to kind of keep it in check.

Jared HuckabyHost, Community

And a draw call is the CPU calling to the graphics processor.

Matt IntrieriPrincipal Ship Technical Artist

Yeah, it's the number of passes on a certain mesh. And say you have 10 draw calls on a hull and you start to break it in half, now you have 20 draw calls. You break it off again, you have 30 draw calls. It's not exactly that way, but you can kind of think of it like that.

Happy Hour·
Published on this date.7 Apr 2017
Ships

How well will the damage model scale up for significantly larger ships, like capital ships?

TL;DRThe damage model should scale to capital ships very well since the setup is similar across ships, though texel density may be lower and more resources might be invested later.

Matt IntrieriPrincipal Ship Technical Artist

Very well. The new UV2 shader damage model will work perfectly for the larger ships as it does for the smaller ships. I think the texel density will be a little less, so when we get to them, we're going to maybe invest more resources into the bigger ships, but we're not there yet, so we'll find out. But the actual setup is very similar across all ships.

Jared HuckabyHost, Community

You don't want to tackle an Idris all by yourself. That'd take a while.

Matt IntrieriPrincipal Ship Technical Artist

Well, we handle the outside of the ship mainly, and the modelers are really doing the insides. We do some internal work for lighting and whatnot and these damage states and things. But for destruction, we're mainly concerned with the exterior at this point.

Patrick SalernoTechnical Artist

Yeah, I mainly just worry about what details are underneath the exterior surface of the ship, like geometry, girders, wires, sort of POMs, so you can't see through areas you're not supposed to. But otherwise, the interiors themselves are usually modeled and lit by the artists themselves.

Happy Hour·
Published on this date.7 Apr 2017
ShipsArt & graphics

Will we have the option to switch styles of radars between ships as we prefer? For example, the Vanguard has a 3D sphere radar. Could I make it have a 2D radar like the Buccaneer?

Matt ShermanTechnical Designer

So I'm not actually sure if we're going to have that be sort of a pervasive thing that you're swapping out based on manufacturer, but just general improvements to readability, usability for any of our HUD elements is definitely something that we're looking at, and also making sure that each manufacturer does have their own sort of distinct style. So for the Vanguard, if we added an alternate toggle for it, we would need to make sure that that alternate appearance is still in the Aegis style and not just saying, hey, let's take what may be on a Drake ship or what may be on an RSI ship and just throw it on the Vanguard. Is this an Aegis 2D radar? Is this an Aegis 3D radar? And how those individual ships get chosen for that presentation.

Happy Hour·
Published on this date.7 Apr 2017
UI & HUDShips

We've talked in the past about exploring the opportunity to have the on-screen HUD be a component that you can replace in a ship. [Is that still something we can explore later down the line?]

TL;DRReplaceable HUDs remain something to explore later; first they need to build the foundation, with ships established as designed and Item 2.0 seat work opening the door to swappable interiors.

Matt ShermanTechnical Designer

Yeah, it's just a matter of building that foundation out first. Because one of the things that we've been using a lot more in the past year or so is this internal tool we have called DataForge, just for making authoring so much of this content a lot easier and a lot faster, and using something like that to then, okay, now we can much more easily make these different kinds of screen records to say this is what this ship's HUD is, this is what the interface is going to be. But just getting that foundation to say, okay, we could build any HUD for any ship on any panel setup in very little time. Once we get to that point, that's really when we can start saying, all right, what are some of the ways that we can play with this and make something really cool and make something different from that foundation set?

Matt IntrieriPrincipal Ship Technical Artist

I know Chris is really interested in ship customization, but we think what we'll do is we'll probably establish the ships as designed first off and then allow for things like that later. One of the efforts going on right now is, you've heard of Item 2.0. Have we mentioned Item 2.0 at all? Is this news? Item 2.0 can be divided into several categories. There's seat 2.0, there's turret 2.0, there's landing gear 2.0. But what we're focusing on right now is the seats. And what that means for the cockpits is that the joysticks and the MFD monitors are going to start to become one object, or at least separate from the ship, that can be plugged in. And that's actually just starting right now. So it opens the door to customization and swappability of interiors down the road.

Jared HuckabyHost, Community

I saw a little bit of that in the ATV yesterday actually, when you saw the Cutlass cockpit completely removed.

Matt ShermanTechnical Designer

And that's very much, even though it's still sort of one of those on-the-cusp ships, some of it will be set before all of Item 2.0 is in. There's still going to be other aspects of Item 2.0 that will be layered in over time. But just making sure that we're building it to take advantage of these new systems as soon as they come online. So like you mentioned, it's its own seat item. So on that infinite timeline, cool, we get to a point where now we could offer different seats. Now you can change that out much more easily and as a preset thing, as opposed to... like the Aurora LX had the leather.

Happy Hour·
Published on this date.7 Apr 2017
UI & HUDShips

What new technologies and parts will make up the new Aurora model? As far as new damage states, what have you done for the new Aurora?

TL;DRThe new Aurora is being updated for the new damage system with room for equipment, and all ships are to get a lighting upgrade, optimizing first and adding effects after 3.0.

Patrick SalernoTechnical Artist

Well, Elwin's still got it in his... but he'll be handing that off, and then it'll actually be ready for the new damage system. So everything you've seen with all the new melting, wearing, underlying stuff. He's working out some kinks in it to make sure that there's room for actual equipment that we're putting in, the physical space for it. So physically it's being modified to just sort of fit our new systems, and it'll be a total upgrade. So same ship, but it'll look much better all around.

Matt IntrieriPrincipal Ship Technical Artist

In the near future, all ships are going to receive a lighting upgrade. Chad Zamzo has developed a thing called light groups. And if you imagine the Caterpillar, it's got a thousand lights inside of it. What these light groups do is they kind of record the place and the settings of each light and reduce it all down to one entity. And we have far more control over animation of lighting and light states. So we're going to be doing a pass. First off, for 3.0, we're going to do a pass where it's just optimizing and reducing the number of entities, which will increase performance. But post 3.0, we're going to be adding some really cool lighting effects like startup sequences and flickering of lights on the wings of ships. So I'm very excited about the lighting possibilities. Nathan Dearsley is working on a bit of that. He's been doing some prototype work.

Jared HuckabyHost, Community

It looks amazing. Some of that you can see on this week's Citizens of the Stars that aired on Monday, some of Nathan's current work on prototyping the internal light and stuff like that.

Happy Hour·
Published on this date.7 Apr 2017
ShipsArt & graphics

Whatever came of the prototype screens in last year's Caterpillar Ship Shape video? Have they come farther?

TL;DRThe prototype screens were an exploratory concept not an approved system, so there's no progress on them now, though the developer is still working on interaction systems.

Jared HuckabyHost, Community

Now, this was a video within ATV that we did with Calix, who's not here at the table right now. But I want to go ahead and answer this just for Calix here. Just like we do 40, 50, 60 different concept images when we're designing the outside of a ship, we do concepts for internal systems. That was a concept for a particular internal system that Calix was working on. It was all done up in Flowgraph, which, if you saw the last Happy Hour Game Dev, you got to see Calix working in Flowgraph. It's not a finished, final approved system or whatnot. It was something he was exploring at that time. We do that quite often. There's lots of little systems that we start to work on, and in a vacuum they may work, but when you have to put them into the game with the 200 other systems, the 300 other systems, they may cause all kinds of trouble. So no progress on that at this time.

Matt ShermanTechnical Designer

Well, although just to also comment on that, because I know even when he popped on the stream on Wednesday for a few minutes, he mentioned he's working on the interaction systems. And so he's definitely still working on things in that nature, but like Jared was explaining, it's just making sure that whatever we build... you can build a really crazy prototype that makes any multiplayer server you run it on collapse. And so it's just making sure that it's always viable and it's always something that is stable enough for just the crazy scope that the Persistent Universe is going to end up attaining.

Happy Hour·
Published on this date.7 Apr 2017
UI & HUDShips

Will damage states be different for when you are flying within atmosphere?

TL;DRDamage states probably won't differ in atmosphere beyond gravity and turbulence changing the physics, though atmosphere-specific effects could be done and a more physically accurate debris system is planned.

Matt IntrieriPrincipal Ship Technical Artist

Have we really thought of that? Simple answer is no. What happens when you break off a wing, say, is we fire these squibs and it distorts the UV2s and creates an alpha channel, so you get kind of an uneven surface, and then we fire some special effects. That's the current state of the damage tech. That's not going to change in atmosphere, other than there will be gravity and turbulence. So the physics will change.

Patrick SalernoTechnical Artist

But different weapons do have different weapon effects when they hit. A bullet will tear through the metal a bit more than, say, a laser, which will burn through the paint but not actually tear through the metal. So maybe there's some kind of damage inflicted via atmosphere that has a different visual effect. I'm just saying that could be something that's done.

Matt IntrieriPrincipal Ship Technical Artist

We're going to be working on a debris 2.0, and what that means is we're probably going to take more into account the torque of a percussive thing, like ammo hits at a certain vector and that'll start to shear off the wing, and it'll be more physically accurate, basically. Right now we give an impulse to the debris and it doesn't really matter where we shot it from. It just kind of always randomly sort of pops off in this cone that we established through our XML.

Happy Hour·
Published on this date.7 Apr 2017
ShipsShip combat

How do you plan to let ramps and loading bays, especially on the likes of the Carrack and the Aquila, work in rough terrain?

TL;DRThey're thinking hard about uneven terrain with springy landing gear and partially opening ramps, but the final implementation likely won't be in 3.0, and large ships will still need flat ground.

Matt IntrieriPrincipal Ship Technical Artist

Oh, that's interesting, because this is a Calix question. He did some prototypes for variable terrain. So we have the idea of springy landing gear, and along with that system it's going to take into account the cargo doors and whatnot. So we're thinking hard about uneven terrain and how that would actually work. And we want to keep the ship basically level, but the landing gears and things are going to fall into crevices, and the door is going to open and the ladder is going to open to a certain amount.

Jared HuckabyHost, Community

Chances are you're not going to see the final implementation of whatever that answer is in 3.0. It's going to be something that evolves just like anything else.

Matt ShermanTechnical Designer

Yeah, it presents just immediately a lot of challenges for tracking the balance of the ship, especially if we get into larger and larger ships. Now, for something smaller, you'll probably have better luck, because you're also going to probably find something that's almost more inherently flat to the shape of your ship. But if you start getting to, say, you're bringing a Caterpillar down, even with any different landing gear compression, there's only so far below those landing gear will still extend, and so you'll still need to find as big, clear and flat of a tract as possible, but you won't get screwed over by there being a little bit of variation in that.

Happy Hour·
Published on this date.7 Apr 2017

Any information on a potential pass on the Greycat buggy, additional damage states, etc.?

TL;DRThe Greycat currently has only old-style damage and would need UV2s and redesign for new damage states; no pass is promised, and it can't yet be spawned in the Persistent Universe.

Jared HuckabyHost, Community

People are going to load up their Greycat buggies in their ships and take them down planetside. So do you have to do damage states for a Greycat?

Patrick SalernoTechnical Artist

It would definitely need UV2s at the very least. Don't know about...

Matt IntrieriPrincipal Ship Technical Artist

They don't currently. It's totally old-style damage, if anything. I don't know if anything falls off this ship. I don't think it breaks apart.

Patrick SalernoTechnical Artist

It just kind of explodes in a fireball.

Jared HuckabyHost, Community

That's how it works in Arena Commander right now.

Patrick SalernoTechnical Artist

That doesn't mean I can't burn and melt through it, but I don't think there would be much sort of interesting geo to actually fly off it. But I mean, UV2s and then set that up, change the damage shader and get that activated. Blah, blah, blah.

Matt IntrieriPrincipal Ship Technical Artist

We would need to steal an artist or do it ourselves, where we put the internals into a structure. So once you kind of see into the body, you can see something.

Patrick SalernoTechnical Artist

That's part of the thing we come across: a lot of the older ships, when we're doing damage conversions, they didn't have really much space between the exterior and the interior, so you couldn't really fit cool mechanical structures between the body. You couldn't even fit sometimes a plane that shows the sort of damage POM. So as these ships are being redesigned for the new damage systems, all that stuff is being taken into account, so maybe the Greycat.

Jared HuckabyHost, Community

Well, as of right now, you can't actually spawn a Greycat in the Persistent Universe, so I think that has to come first.

Happy Hour·
Published on this date.7 Apr 2017

For Pat and Matt S.: can you walk us through a critical chain reaction ship destruction? What is the goal for how that would work, mechanically and visually?

TL;DRPlanned systemic damage includes radial missile damage, exploding interior components, heat and performance loss, ships breaking in half, and crew repair gameplay, with outcomes varying by component placement on each ship.

Matt IntrieriPrincipal Ship Technical Artist

The full systemic damage system. So I kind of put a list together at the beginning of the year of what we wanted to achieve for damage and talked to design about this. So first off, we want the dogfighting experience to be really good, where you have indication of where you're getting hit from and effects going off in the interior. And you kind of get the warning that you're about to go critical, and you have some time to get out of your seat and start to repair things. We're going to add radial damage to missiles. And the difficulty there is there is a zone inside the ship and a zone in space. And the radial damage has to affect interior components in order to hurt them. So once that is established, we will add damage to the interior components, their own radiuses which they influence also if they explode, and they can also send feedback on the pipes, and pipes will expend heat, and then your overall ship performance will decrease based on these factors, and if enough critical systems explode, you'll achieve a ship destruction. But we do want to allow for the possibility you can break a ship in half without blowing it up. So if you start to shoot the hull and you're not hitting any critical system, you could probably snap it in half.

Matt ShermanTechnical Designer

And also a lot of that is going to play into where the different components live inside of a ship. I know the Vanguard was very much built initially on its almost redundant setup, where it would have a power plant and a cooler inside each of its main housings on separate sides of the ship. So yeah, you've shorn off one half of the ship, but it still has all those functional components where it can keep flying even if the other half went critical. Whereas something that, say, has two power plants but they're right next to each other, and then one of those power plants takes critical damage, it detonates, it does this explosion radius; well, it's right next to the second power plant, so even though that power plant may not have taken any damage, if the first power plant criticals hard enough, that one's going to go along with it. To try and create some of these more systemically occurring events for this kind of critical damage, but also make sure it's not something where how you critically damage and blow up one ship is how you critically damage and blow up every single ship. So it's, oh, I've got this one gameplay routine down set. So I've got that down set for the Hornet or for the Constellation, but I'm still learning for all these other ships that give me trouble.

Matt IntrieriPrincipal Ship Technical Artist

We've also spoken about, as your ship takes damage, the captain would assign tasks to repair certain aspects of the ship, adding gameplay for the passengers. So we're very concerned about occupying the passengers with things to do. So we talked about fighting fires and repairing and adding fuses to components, where you would have this kind of almost mini-game where you're repairing the component itself.

Jared HuckabyHost, Community

I imagine that would extend the time to kill on these larger ships quite a bit.

Matt ShermanTechnical Designer

Yeah, and that's definitely one of the goals, especially once we get some of the Shield 2.0, Item 2.0 in. There's a lot that will be going on with that, where even just your basic shield operator guy is going to have a lot to do in terms of just doubling or tripling the longevity of your ship by them being dedicated to that role. But then, like Matt was saying, if one of those components gets fried and you've still got someone else on the ship, they may be the one running back. Shield generator 2 is broken, find that panel, open that up, there's the broken fuse, grab the replacement, get that stuffed in, power cycle that shield generator and pray it's not going to take too long before you've taken even more damage.

Matt IntrieriPrincipal Ship Technical Artist

And then beyond that, if you think about a ship as a derelict that you might find in space, it's going to be pre-damaged, you're going to come across it, you might harvest it for components, you might strip the metals to store the alloy to create other things, or you might be able to repair that ship and fly it out of there. So we're looking at all these, from dogfighting to destruction to post-destruction and being derelict, this whole lifespan of a ship.

Happy Hour·
Published on this date.7 Apr 2017

What is your favoritest source of inspiration for ships that you're designing?

Matt IntrieriPrincipal Ship Technical Artist

Starship Troopers.

Matt ShermanTechnical Designer

I actually really love Aliens. The Alien franchise has been one of my longtime favorite sci-fi IPs. The Sulaco, the Cheyenne dropship. And while the Nostromo is amazing from Alien, it's like, okay, that was just the one ship then, but then just where they took it from in Aliens and then built the expanded universe of it. Because when I was growing up, I was reading all of the Dark Horse Aliens comics, where they go into all the other weird ships that never get shown or mentioned once in any of the movies. But it's just a really cool aesthetic to them, where it's like, yes, this is bare bones, because space is a death trap.

Happy Hour·
Published on this date.7 Apr 2017
ShipsLore

Are you planning to apply parallax occlusion mapping to the underlying components of a damaged ship?

TL;DRParallax occlusion mapping is already used on damaged ships, combined with real geometry where there is space, because it looks like geometry cheaply while full modeled ribbing would be too expensive.

Patrick SalernoTechnical Artist

They already do. Yep, already done, did it. Basically, there's two parts of the underlying geo. So you've got the exterior surface of the ship, and then you've got either damage POMs, which are the parallax occlusion maps, and those are a single plane that look like 3D geo due to how the textures are. And then you've got the actual geometry where you have space. So if a wing is actually thick enough to have, say, the skeletal ribbing as you go through, and then you have a POM under that, that way when you shoot the ship, you can still see through it. But yeah, we combine both techniques with that. So we've got POMs all over the ship to do your rivets and your insets and all sorts of cool stuff that we don't have to charge. And then we use it for the damage too, because why not? It looks awesome. It actually simplifies the process, because you don't have to model a full set of geo; it looks like geo at a glance. It's all extruded-looking and such. So it's great tech.

Matt IntrieriPrincipal Ship Technical Artist

I wish we could actually model the full ribbing of a ship, build it like you'd see it in a real construction of a spaceship, but it's too expensive to draw all that when you're not seeing it.

Happy Hour·
Published on this date.7 Apr 2017

What determinations are made when deciding where to draw the line on ship destructibility, taking into account balancing the visual spectacle against system performance?

TL;DRShip destructibility depends mainly on how interiors will eventually be split (multiple physics grids per ship are planned), plus choosing detachable pieces like intakes and wings that add gameplay without overloading performance.

Matt IntrieriPrincipal Ship Technical Artist

Well, the biggest consideration is how the interiors will eventually be split. We can't just split at any point or create holes in the hull. We have to think about eventually when we split the ship, we're not going to disappear the interior, which is kind of a cheat right now to get around the physics issues that we currently have. What we want to do is, like a big capital ship, you break it in half: if this half has the gravity generator in power, it should still have gravity, where this half will lose gravity. But right now it's all one big physics grid for a ship. So Chris Rain is going to be working on multiple physics grids per ship.

Patrick SalernoTechnical Artist

Yeah, and then you obviously think about performance-wise, but you also think, that's probably going to blow off. You look at a piece and it structurally doesn't look like it's going to take a huge pounding. At some point, that piece is going to tear off. So we try and pick and choose pieces that'll add to gameplay too. Like, that's the first thing, intakes, right? When I'm breaking things off for, say, Matt Sherman. So we'll break off intakes, break off wings, we'll see how that affects how it plays, and then I'll be like, well, what's left? Is there anything cool? There's only a few pieces breaking off; anything aesthetically appealing, easily detachable, that's not going to overload everyone's computers. So that's kind of my process.

Matt IntrieriPrincipal Ship Technical Artist

One of the features I'm asking for is, especially on the big capital ships where you're going to have multiple layers of rooms and they may not line up perfectly on a bulkhead, we want to have the ability to swap the interior for, say, a split room version. So imagine the Titanic breaking apart and you see a bit of a room with some mess coming out and people falling out and screams and smoke and fire and all this stuff. So that's kind of where I'd like to head. I'd like to see that in the atmosphere and watch people falling out and let the gravity take them.

Happy Hour·
Published on this date.7 Apr 2017
PhysicsShipsShip combat

What new tech coming online for ships excites you the most?

TL;DRThe team is most excited about Item 2.0 because it unlocks many blocked features and lets ships be built the way they always wanted; one developer also likes lights, and turret spotlights are planned.

Matt ShermanTechnical Designer

Probably just the MacGuffin umbrella of Item 2.0, because it's like, oh well, we can't do that until we get this 2.0 stuff online, we can't do that until we get 2.0. So just all the knock-on effects that it's going to bring in terms of really just fleshing out gameplay and opening up a lot of the possibilities that are just like, all right, these are our items on the checklist, but once we have that, then we can really start checking a lot of this stuff off.

Matt IntrieriPrincipal Ship Technical Artist

To this point, we've been building ships using modified default CryEngine, or I should say Lumberyard stuff now. But now with Item 2.0, it's really how we've always wanted to build the ships, where the ship itself can communicate and it's networked and it's got proper optimization. So I'm most excited about finally getting there, and it's really happening right now.

Patrick SalernoTechnical Artist

I think they talked up all the features. Personally, I like lights. I think they look cool, and I can't wait until we can connect them all and have all the different states for all sorts of cool stuff. Because I think it's really the visuals, what's going on, how the world feeds back to you as the player, that really pulls me in anyway.

Jared HuckabyHost, Community

I've talked to you a lot of times about lights and about having external lights. Like searchlights, so you can go through an asteroid field and have a light when you're doing search and rescue, looking for a ship.

Matt IntrieriPrincipal Ship Technical Artist

We're definitely going to have that on turrets. We're going to add kind of spotlights on a turret, so what you're aiming at you can light up.

Happy Hour·
Published on this date.7 Apr 2017

Speaking of Item 2.0, can you tell us more about how things are developing, changing or improving, something interesting that impacts ships?

TL;DRItem 2.0 should let unpiloted ships stabilize themselves instead of spinning, bring better turret gameplay, and improve ship optimization and appearance because cockpit joysticks will stop affecting the ship's LOD switching.

Matt ShermanTechnical Designer

Well, just one of the basic ones, because I also know from a lot of times just flipping through different community streamers while they're playing the game, they're like, oh, I wonder when this bug will get fixed on this ship, of getting out of your ship and having it just spin for no reason. And that's one of those sort of simple ones that we actually will be able to start really addressing and getting locked back down once we have Item 2.0. Because, like you were sort of saying, the current setup now: if you aren't piloting your ship, and not just, oh, I'm sitting in the co-pilot seat; it's like no, are you in the pilot seat of your ship? Okay, cool. Everything's powered on. Everything has some level of awareness. You get hit, the ship will counter-correct and stop its own movement. You get out of the ship, it has none of that communication. It has none of that awareness of self. So once we have Item 2.0, it's like, all right, cool. Now you're allowed to auto-stabilize again, because your ship's IFCS, even when you're not in the pilot seat, is going to say, hey, why am I spinning? I shouldn't be spinning. Thrusters, stop my spinning. And then you may come back and you've tilted from taking a hit or taking an impact, but it shouldn't just be spinning on its own and then pinball you out into nowhere if you approach the ship wrong.

Matt IntrieriPrincipal Ship Technical Artist

The thing that excites me the most that's happening right now is the upgrade to the turrets. We've had a lot of problems with the gameplay of the turrets, and I'm excited. I just saw Mark Abent's new implementation. It's amazing. So I'm mostly excited about that. I've been helping him prototype a couple things. But beyond that, optimization is going to be... and the ships are going to actually look better when we do Item 2.0. And it may not be clear, but we optimize the ships by adding LODs to the ships. In a normal engine, LODs switch at a constant rate of distance. But in our engine, we have a switching rate based on the smallest average poly size of the LOD. So if you have a ship hull and it's got a little tiny poly in it, that LOD is going to switch to the next lowest LOD fast. So we spend a lot of time looking for these small polys. And then due to the old tech that we've been using, say to hook up the joysticks to a player and run IK, traditionally the joysticks have been part of the exterior of the ship. You haven't known that, but that's actually been a thing. So when we move the joysticks to cockpit 2.0, that means the little LODs that are on these joysticks won't be influencing the LOD switching of the entire ship, which means we get a better looking ship closer up and as it switches. So it's going to be great. I'm very excited.

Jared HuckabyHost, Community

And for anyone who might not know what LODs are, they're levels of detail. It's the difference between seeing every single poly of the ship when it's right up close and then watching smaller and progressively less detailed versions of it.

Matt IntrieriPrincipal Ship Technical Artist

Yeah, modelers are ridiculous. They make these ships out of millions of polys, so LOD 1 will be 500,000 and LOD 2 will be 200,000.

Patrick SalernoTechnical Artist

And you're trying to find a balance between range and visual loss. We're trying to make it so you don't see any pop; you're not supposed to see the model change. That's the perfect world scenario of an LOD. But after a while, when you're really just supposed to hit a certain poly count versus certain pixel space, you're like...

Jared HuckabyHost, Community

Every time you see something just pop on the screen, that's an LOD.

Patrick SalernoTechnical Artist

Yeah, exactly. That's usually an LOD. Could be streaming, could be a model just appearing, whatever kind of issue, but definitely we try and make those as clean as possible.

Happy Hour·
Published on this date.7 Apr 2017

Have you started working on LODs for the Idris yet?

Patrick SalernoTechnical Artist

No.

Matt IntrieriPrincipal Ship Technical Artist

Now the artists are doing all their own LOD work, and we're just kind of helping implement. We used to do a lot of LODs, but it's not our problem anymore. We were LODing everything in the game for a while, and now they want to do it more by hand. We were automating the process using a software package that we had bought, and it gave good results, but you can see some weird shapes sometimes, and we wanted, at least in the first few LODs, to have a cleaner result. So they're hand done.

Happy Hour·
Published on this date.7 Apr 2017
Art & graphicsShips

Do you know if damage states will allow visual holes in the hull? Right now it just exposes an underlayer.

TL;DRBreaches are currently limited to airlocks and turrets because hull holes would also require matching interior meshes; swapping in a holed interior wall might become possible, but it would need careful planning and resources.

Patrick SalernoTechnical Artist

That depends. It's a tech thing, really. Yes, technically, you could see right through the ship, but what functionality does that imply?

Matt IntrieriPrincipal Ship Technical Artist

If they need a breach where gas will escape... right now, we're limiting the breaches. We're limiting breaches to airlocks and to turrets, where you can blow a turret off, and so you'll be able to go in that way, and you'll be able to have some door gameplay where you blow open the door, or the airlock, I mean. But breaches anywhere in the hull are really difficult, because it's not only the outer layers that you have to deal with, it's the interior meshes in there. So in order to do that, like I said with the Titanic example where we spawn some geometry on its death, if I get that feature, we might be able to switch out a wall in the interior to have a hole in it that matches the exterior. But there's a lot to think about.

Jared HuckabyHost, Community

If it was the only thing we were working on, that could be something. But considering everything has to play well with everything else, there's always a resource trade-off.

Patrick SalernoTechnical Artist

When I'm doing the setup, I could definitely shoot through one side of the ship to the other. My goal is to actually stop that from happening, so you don't see anything actually going wrong. So I'll tell the modelers, oh, we need more damage POMs here, we need more geo here, because we should be able to shoot through there. But something has to stop you from seeing into the interior, because they also have different lighting conditions. The environment probe of the outside world doesn't necessarily match the one on the inside. And there's all sorts of object containers and things going on that don't blend well together right now for actual straight-up breaching.

Matt IntrieriPrincipal Ship Technical Artist

And we've mostly been working on small to medium ships to this point. As soon as we get into the larger ships, that could become something that we want to do. But we'll have to plan it out very specifically. It can't just happen procedurally or organically.

Happy Hour·
Published on this date.7 Apr 2017

Will you balance this ship more? Will you balance that ship more?

TL;DRShip balance never stops in an online game, and since everything is still alpha, the team expects to keep trying wide-ranging changes each patch and retest as new things are added.

Jared HuckabyHost, Community

I think this is probably a good time to remind everybody that ship balance never really stops. Not in a massively multiplayer online game.

Matt ShermanTechnical Designer

Yeah, the best way I've always thought to describe balance in any game is it is a constantly moving pendulum, and the best you can hope for is to shorten the swing arc, but you can never expect to stop the pendulum from moving. And it always needs that back and forth. And also in that same analogy, something being in an alpha, that is when you should expect and should want the swing arc to be as wide as possible, because that just means you're covering as much ground as possible, you're trying out as many different ideas as possible, you're iterating to really dial in on what is that appropriate range. So when you have the live product, what is your acceptable short swing arc of balance between, okay, this may be a bit more powerful now, but this can get bumped up later, but then that'll change something back. And you always have the back and forth, but it's just constraining that when it's appropriate to constrain it.

Jared HuckabyHost, Community

I think that's one of the things that can sometimes get lost for our project versus every other project out there. Because everybody else is playing every other game much farther down in its development, if not in its release, then in beta or in early access or whatnot. We are still so early in our development. Since we're lucky enough to have a live client, so we can have far more testers than just our internal QA team, that affords us the opportunity to try crazier things with each patch: to try bumping the speeds way up this patch, to try pulling all the speeds back, taking out crews, putting in crews. It allows us that freedom to try all these different things. What we're doing today is not necessarily 100% representative of what there will be when that day comes, when we're like, we're launched, we're live. But it's that thing that we want to test now, at this period.

Patrick SalernoTechnical Artist

You test what you have when you have it, and when you add something new, you retest it against everything else, and that's balance, right?

Jared HuckabyHost, Community

So that's one of the great advantages of this project, that everybody who plays it is a tester. It's important to never lose sight that there's Evocati, and there's PTU, and then there's Live, but our Live environment is still an alpha environment. All Star Citizen environments are test environments, every single one. So we're going to try all kinds of stuff.

Happy Hour·
Published on this date.7 Apr 2017
ShipsShip combat

How will ship armor work? Will it be able to deflect a projectile depending on the impact angle?

TL;DRArmor details are still being worked out; deflected shots that then damage other ships are unlikely because of the physics cost, though a visual rebound with no further damage might be possible.

Matt ShermanTechnical Designer

Some of that's still being worked out, just in terms of how different pierceability things happen. Now, in terms of having it deflect and then go hit another ship and do damage, while it would be cool, that's a little bit more unlikely, just because it's like, all right, now let's do all these extra bizarre real-time physics calculations based on angle of impact and angle of deflection. I would imagine Matt and Patrick would definitely be able to say better if maybe we could get some visual facsimile in terms of just how a shot could rebound off if it doesn't meet a pierceability value. It still would probably lose any damage after that and then just hit a very short decay cycle before it just stops being a live round in the universe.

Matt IntrieriPrincipal Ship Technical Artist

I had a bug on the Caterpillar where bullets would bounce off of it pretty well, actually.

Patrick SalernoTechnical Artist

They would slow down, they looked like Star Wars lasers, and they just bounced off like that.

Matt IntrieriPrincipal Ship Technical Artist

It was like all these lightsabers. And they'd kind of get stuck too.

Happy Hour·
Published on this date.7 Apr 2017

We have heard a lot of talk about the optimization of lights on the ship. Does making lighting more efficient free up room to add other cool visuals to ships?

TL;DRThe team says they already add every visual they can until performance suffers, so better optimization mainly means more ships at full detail in big battles; staggered startup lights and X-ray sub-component targeting are mentioned as plans.

Matt IntrieriPrincipal Ship Technical Artist

Like, what other cool visuals?

Patrick SalernoTechnical Artist

We already do everything cool we can think of, and then we rein ourselves back until it runs well.

Matt IntrieriPrincipal Ship Technical Artist

I mean, there's PFX, there's lighting.

Matt ShermanTechnical Designer

I think almost the idea of optimizing enough where we could have another cool ship in the same scene at that same level of fidelity and detailing. Getting us to the point where we can do these bigger battles, where, hey, if we can get to the cap ship versus cap ship without having to pare down the detailing to keep both of them existing in that same screen space at the same time, if you're a fighter flying between that same fight...

Matt IntrieriPrincipal Ship Technical Artist

For lighting specifically, I mentioned we were going to have these more interesting startup animations, so the back lights will come on and then it'll kind of raise up on the front and the cockpit lights will come on. So it'll be kind of this orchestrated way instead of everything just kind of coming on like Windows. It's a more staggered thing. But one of the cool things, and I don't know what made me think of this, it's totally not related, is we're going to look into sub-component targeting, and I'm hoping you will get this kind of X-ray view where you'll see the interior component. It's still being designed, but we're planning for something along those lines so you can pick apart.

Jared HuckabyHost, Community

Even if we didn't have it, that would be a benefit to people who know the ships. You could take it upon yourself to learn the interior layout of as many ships as possible, so you know where the components are physically on that Constellation or on that Javelin, so your own personal knowledge can benefit you through how well you can disable a ship.

Matt ShermanTechnical Designer

Doing that legwork should definitely yield you an advantage, because if you put the time into it, there should definitely be a reward for those kinds of things.

Matt IntrieriPrincipal Ship Technical Artist

And we've talked about different scanners, and we'll probably upgrade scanners, and the best scanner in the world will be able to look really into the ship and pick it apart, and you'll find the resources that you can harvest. But the basic scanner is just going to be 'ship', can't see anything.

Happy Hour·
Published on this date.7 Apr 2017