Can I use my Reclaimer to salvage ship components and then use my Crucible to reassemble them?

The Crucible does not fabricate components, it can only repair components that already exist. So, "yes", but you will use the salvage materials to repair other components, not to assemble new ones. We are still in the process of designing Salvage, but ideally we want both systems to work in tandem so that one could salvage materials and then use those same materials in repairing another ship.