Why does the Expanse have a single small shield when most ships of this size are better protected?
Cloud Imperium
Due to the energy-intensive nature of the refinery process, the compromise was only having a single small shield to allow the ship to have full shielding while refinery processes are undertaken. However, the Expanse's current armor is above average for its size class, so the lack of a second shield won't mean it's necessarily weak.
starfarer.space · Q&A: MISC Expanse